STUDIES
Browse Geopolitical Studies by ICGER. Discover comprehensive research on global political and economic issues, with in-depth analysis and insights
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The World of Politics and Political Science
All elements in all spheres abide by specialized laws that govern those spheres and determine theirpaths. The laws of one…
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A History of the Crises of the Sultanates and the Modern State in Turkey
Among the crises confronting states in the Muslim world, none is more acute than the crisis facingthe Republic of Turkey,…
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The Crisis of the State in the Islamic World Part One: Crises in Muslim Countries
Since the emergence of the modern nation-state, Muslim countries have undergone successive periods of change. Many have experienced conflict and…
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Series – Wealth and Finance in Islam (Section 1)
Since the rise of Islam, neither its scholars nor its thinkers ever characterized commerce, agriculture, or productive enterprise in ideological…
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The War That Never Ended: Sunnis, Shias, and the Coming Middle Eastern Conflagration
From the streets of medieval Baghdad to today’s regional flashpoints, Sunni–Shia rivalry has repeatedly shaped the Middle East. The study…
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The Rise and Falls of Nations and States: The Civilizational Decline of the Islamic World
This study seeks to explain the rise and fall of states through an equation that links military power, industry, the…
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The Fourth Gulf War
This study analyzes the Fourth Gulf War, a.ka., the American-Israeli intervention against Iran, through ICGER’s scientific methodology, which applies mathematical…
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Series: A Critique of Islamic Political History (2)
The International Center for Geopolitical and Economic Research held a 3-part series of lectures titled “The Critique of Political Islamic…
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The War on Iran: Trump’s Quagmire
President Trump’s strategy regarding Iran faces three scenarios, all of which are nearly impossible to resolve: • Removing the Iranian…
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Annual Geopolitical Report – 2025
The International Center for Geopolitical & Economic Research (ICGER) hereby issues its second Annual Geopolitical Report. This edition documents and…
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